Wednesday, March 5, 2008

How Much Do A Viser Cost

fistole ecc..

Le Malattie Infiammatorie Croniche Intestinali o M.I.C.I. (universalmente indicate anche con la sigla IBD, dall'inglese Inflammatory Bowel Diseases) includono la rettocolite ulcerosa, la malattia di Crohn oltre ad alcune coliti cosiddette "indeterminate" le features which recall those of the two major diseases.
This chronic inflammatory processes that are common issues between them, but I note some differences.
The actual incidence of IBD in Italy is not 'precisely known, but recent estimates suggest about 170,000 patients between ulcerative colitis and disease Crohn.Entrambi sexes are affected, with increased frequency in the age group' between 1 and 15 40.
To date, despite extensive and in-depth studies conducted continuously throughout the world, the causes of these diseases are unfortunately obscure. Of course what 'makes it impossible' to implement targeted therapies which, by removing the cause of illness may lead to a cure definitiva.
Sono stati comunque identificati vari fattori che possono giocare un ruolo importante nello sviluppo della malattia.
Esistono anzitutto fattori genetici, che predispongono alla comparsa delle malattie infiammatorie croniche e che giustificano la maggiore incidenza di tali malattie all'interno di determinati gruppi etnici o familiari.
L'identificazione dei geni responsabili nelle mappe cromosomiali potra' verosimilmente in futuro permettere una piu' precoce individuazione dei pazienti destinati a sviluppare una IBD e, si spera, a predisporre specifici interventi terapeutici. La predisposizione genetica non e' di per se sufficiente se non intervengono altri fattori, ad esempio fattori infettivi, vuoi batterici che virali.
L'attenzione dei ricercatori si e' ad esempio focalizzata,in passato, sui Micobatteri atipici (diversi,cioe',da quelli che provocano la tubercolosi) e,piu' recentemente, sul virus del morbillo, ma le evidenze scientifiche rimangono piuttosto contradditorie e,di fatto, assai deboli.
Analogamente,la ricerca di eventuali fattori alimentari implicati nelle malattie infiammatorie intestinali non ha mai prodotto alcun risultato concreto.
E' invece interessante ricordare l'esistenza di un diverso rapporto fra fumo di sigaretta e IBD. I pazienti con malattia di Crohn sono spesso fumatori ed e' accertato che il fumo esercita un effetto sfavorevole sulla malattia, al contrario i pazienti con colite ulcerosa sono di norma non fumatori o, spesso, ex-fumatori, where smoke, through mechanisms still poorly defined, exerts a protective effect on colon.
E 'matter of common observation that often inflammatory bowel disease, particularly ulcerative colitis, presenting their clinical presentation in conjunction with stressful events (severe family losses, job loss etc) and the emotional disorders may facilitate the re-ignition of these diseases. Hence the importance of neuro factors, although the mechanisms by which anxiety and depression act on the disease are not fully understood.
an excessive and disordered immune response justifies the therapeutic efficacy of drugs that act at this level (immunosuppressants, steroids over the same) which confirms the existence and importance of immunological factors. Whether they constitute a primary mechanism of disease or are secondary phenomena occurring at a later time to aggravate and perpetuate the intestinal inflammation is still not well established.
The importance of immunological factors and 'further underlined by the fact that, both in ulcerative colitis and in Crohn's disease can coexist extra-intestinal manifestations, indicating that these diseases are related to a general disorder of the body. The intestinal manifestations may involve the joints (arthritis, spondylitis), skin (erythema nodosum, pyoderma gangrenosum), the eye (eg, uveitis), the bile ducts (sclerosing cholangitis).
Ulcerative colitis and 'characterized by inflammation in mucosa (the lining) of the large intestine, with redness, tenderness' and actual ulceration. The disease always affects the rectum and can involve the intestinal tracts upstream limited to only the left colon or extending up to the transverse and ascending colon. When and 'covered the whole colon is about Pancole.



Pancole
colitis (in red shows the areas of intestine affected by inflammatory process).


The onset of the disease can 'be sneaky (episodes of intermittent diarrhea, abdominal cramps) or violent, bloody diarrhea with or emission of blood from the rectum without stool, fever, abdominal pain. The intensity
'inflammatory status and extent of the disease determine the severity of' the set of symptoms. In some patients the disease flare-ups alternating with periods of remission, during which the symptoms may disappear completely. In other cases, and 'persistence over time of small disturbances, but still.
intestinal complications of ulcerative colitis are perforation, massive hemorrhage and the so-called "toxic megacolon" a state of severe paralysis and dilatation of the colon, often induced by the use of incongruous antispastrici bowel. In
extensive forms of ulcerative colitis that lasted for more than 7-10 years and will 'an increased risk of development of malattia verso lo sviluppo di un cancro del colon, per cui e' importante la sorveglianza mediante esami endoscopici periodici con controllo istologico.
La diagnosi di malattia si pone mediante la colonscopia, corredata da biopsie multiple per l'esame istologico. Nelle fasi acute gli esami di laboratorio mostreranno aumento degli indici infiammatori (VES, leucociti, proteina C reattiva etc).
La terapia medica si avvale principalmente dei derivati del 5-ASA (Mesalazina etc), che hanno ormai quasi completamente sostituito la vecchia Sulfasalazina. La Mesalazina si puo' somministrare sia per bocca che per via rettale (clismi,schiume,supposte etc) a seconda della localizzazione della malattia ed e' utilizzata sia in terapia di attacco nelle forme intensity 'mild to moderate, and as maintenance therapy in the long term.
In the acute stages of illness and 'no need for limited periods of time on steroids, or oral or, if necessary, intravenously.
in patients resistant to corticosteroids or who relapse every time the steroid is discontinued (so-called steroid-dependent subjects) and 'should be utilized immunosuppressive drugs (azathioprine, 6-mercaptopurine, etc.) which, if effective, should be administered for years.
Surgical therapy in emergency and 'essential forms fulminant or complicated by toxic megacolon unresponsive to medical treatment, drilling and development in the case of signs of malignancy on histology.
elective surgery and 'mostly' reserved for cases where there are frequent recurrences, disabling symptoms and generally unsatisfactory response to medical therapy.
The complete removal of the colon sparing the rectum and 'practiced today more and more' rare and even radical surgery (proctocolectomy) with permanent ileostomy packaging tends to be abandoned in favor of restorative proctocolectomy. This avoids the use
all'ileostomia by packing a pocket (pouch) with tissue taken from the last section of the small intestine (ileum), which performs the functions of the rectum removed.
Crohn's disease is characterized by certain aspects that distinguish it from ulcerative colitis.
First, the inflammatory process is not 'limited to the mucosal surface, but can' affect the full thickness bowel wall, resulting in fibrotic outcomes. Secondly, the disease can 'hit any part of the digestive tract, from mouth to anus, in practice, although most' frequently localized in the small intestine and / or colon.
The typical location in the final segment of the small intestine explains the initial definition of Crohn's disease, formerly called "terminal ileitis" or "segmental enteritis. Finally, another aspect of the differential and ulcerative colitis 'Crohn's disease in which the extent of disease and' irregular, with alternating areas of healthy and diseased areas.




Crohn's disease (points out the irregular extension of the disease, with mixed areas of healthy and diseased areas).


The variable location of the disease process causes the symptoms accused by patients is not always unique: there can be abdominal pain, diarrhea or constipation with difficulty: 'Transit for stenosis, mild fever, malabsorption, food (if' interested in the small intestine, home of the processes of absorption).
In about 30% of cases of fistulas are formed, ie 'routes connecting the bowel wall with the skin or adjacent organs (vagina, bladder, other parts dell'intestno). Particularly frequente la comparsa di fistole ed ascessi in regione perianale. Una delle piu' comuni complicanze della malattia di Crohn a sede ileale e' la formazione di restringimenti (stenosi), che, ostacolando il passaggio del materiale intestinale possono provocare sub-occlusioni o occlusioni intestinali, che necessitano talora di intervento chirurgico.
Piu' rare sono le perforazioni ed il megacolon tossico. La malattia e' diagnosticata solitamente mediante colonscopia con eventuale ileoscopia retrograda o, nelle localizzazioni ileali, mediante studio radiologico del tenue.
Gli esami di laboratorio mostreranno aumento degli indici di flogosi nelle fasi di attivita' di malattia ed eventualisegni di malassorbimento quando e' interessato il piccolo intestino.
Medical therapy of Crohn's disease relies on essentially the same drugs already 'described for ulcerative colitis: cortisone intravenously or orally in the acute forms, mesalazine (preferably ileal release if you and' involvement of the small intestine) in acute forms of low intensity 'and in maintenance therapy. Useful if you
immunosuppressants and 'resistance to treatment with corticosteroids or dependency. Especially in the forms and ileal fistulas and are 'proven effective in the long-term therapy with antibiotics such as metronidazole and / or ciprofloxacin. In cases resistant to treatment with steroids or complicated by the presence of fistulas and it 'worked well to infliximab (monoclonal antibody that blocks an important substance called TNF alpha inflammatory action), which is given periodically by means of intravenous infusions. The drug ', however, contraindicated and if' ileal stenosis.
Unlike in ulcerative colitis surgery is never a cure, given the capacity 'of the disease to reappear in any remaining tract of the digestive tract. The indications for surgery are especially marked degree of ileal strictures and fistulas.

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Tips SU
food should first be pointed out that there are no specific foods that cause the MC or the CU and therefore the diet should be varied and include all major groups of nutrients. The needs of dietary restrictions are an exception and are therefore of particular circumstances or complication of the disease. E 'instead of more frequent, especially in the MC, which is due to intestinal lesions can cause a nutritional deficiency resulting from malabsorption. This is especially true when the disease involves the small intestine or surgical resections were performed. In these cases there may be deficiencies in particular vitamin B12, folic acid, vitamin C as well as fat-soluble vitamins (Vit A, Vit D, Vit E), calcium and iron. A long-term use of these substances should be carried out under medical supervision, but only when really necessary, even if periodic reinstatement of Vitamin D are recommended to reduce the risk of osteoporosis. Milk and fresh dairy products in some patients one can, be a source of problems for non-absorption of lactose, milk sugar. This situation is very common in the general population in Italy, but its effects may become more marked in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases. Online perincipio who tolerate the milk and dairy products before the disease can continue to use them in the course of the disease. The dietary intake of milk and its derivatives should be maintained as much as possible because they are a good source of calcium and protein. If the disease is particularly active or there dei restringimenti del lume intestinale (stenosi) è consigliabile evitare i cibi che contengono fibre e semi che possono accentuare i sintomi o determinare occlusione. In alcuni casi più gravi che presentino episodi occlusivi o subocclusivi può essere necessario ricorrere ad una dieta liquida o semiliquida. In tutti gli altri casi, quando non vi siano stenosi, non è necessario ridurre drasticamente la assunzione di frutta e verdura che forniscono al nostro organismo molte vitamine ed utili micronutrienti. Le verdure, la frutta e i cereali con la loro parte non assorbibile sono alla origine nel colon di prodotti di fermentazione che svolgono un ruolo importante per il benessere della mucosa intestinale. E' importante ricordare che osservare la presenza di residui Fruit and vegetables in the stool is not a problem (or worse, a cause of diarrhea), but only indicates that these foods are rich in fiber have been to 'inside of the colon too short a time because the intestinal bacteria could ferment completely. In CD patients undergoing resection of the small intestine there is an increase in intestinal absorption of some salts (oxalates), which are mainly responsible for an increased risk of kidney stones in these patients. E 'therefore appropriate to reduce the intake of foods that contain high concentrations of oxalate, such as spinach, chocolate, tomatoes, especially if a little mature and beverages such as Coca Cola. Furthermore, as the 'absorption intestinal absorption of oxalate (and thus the elimination via the kidneys) increases when there is a decreased absorption of fat is a prudential measure to follow a diet low in fat (oil, butter, margarine and cheese). It should be stressed that individual experience is important to choose the best diet, but should avoid excessive restrictions. Often we tend to attribute to this or that food is responsible for symptoms that result from the activity of the disease instead. This can lead to excessively restricted diet, which is not only useful but often can be harmful.
What is medical therapy? ON
Although regimens sono sufficientemente ben codificati, i risultati della terapia dipendono in misura rilevante dalla esperienza specifica del medico nel campo delle IBD, in particolare nelle forme gravi o complicate. E' quindi di primaria importanza che i pazienti con CU o MC vengano seguiti in centri specializzati. l trattamento di queste malattie ha come obiettivi: a) il raggiungimento della remissione nei pazienti con malattia attiva, riducendo o eliminando il processo infiammatorio, b) il mantenimento della remissione nei pazienti con malattia non attiva, riducendo la probabilità di una ricaduta, c) il mantenimento di uno stato nutrizionale adeguato e di una qualità di vita soddisfacente. I farmaci disponibili sono raggruppabili in alcune categorie comprendenti i farmaci classical anti-inflammatory (aminosalicylates and steroids), immunomodulators and immunosuppressants (azathioprine, 6-mercaptopurine, methotrexate, cyclosporine), antibiotics and so-called "biological therapies." The aminosalicylates are the first group along with the cortisone drug that has proven useful in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease, ulcerative colitis in particular. The first drug of this family was sulfasalazine (or salicylic acid-azo-sulfapyridine), a molecule consisting of an anti-inflammatory fraction (5-ASA, also called mesalamine) and a fraction of sulfonamides. Were subsequently developed pharmaceutical techniques which have allowed to bring the 5-ASA in the colon or in 'distal ileum, administered orally, without any need to tie him to the village sulfa drugs, sometimes responsible for undesirable effects. For this purpose there are different forms of the drug coating or controlled release forms. The recommended dose for oral therapy of active disease is 2.4 - 4 per day, while reducing the risk of relapse appear to be adequate doses slightly lower. For distal forms of the disease, involving the rectum or left colon, there are drug formulations that can be used rectally as enemas, foams, gels and suppositories. Corticosteroids (hydrocortisone, methylprednisolone, prednisone, etc..) Are the drugs of first use for the treatment of stage acute disease, in particular for the monitoring of the attacks more severe. In this case, should be administered intravenously or intramuscularly, while the many oral formulations are suitable for the treatment of less severe forms. This group of drugs can be administered topically. The effectiveness of steroids is usually good, but are not uncommon side effects associated with prolonged use, the precise in osteoporosis, the retention of water and salts and a worse blood glucose control. To avoid these problems, different strategies are used, among which the most promising is based on the use of local steroids poorly absorbed (eg beclomethasone) or to molecole che vengono metabolizzate rapidamente , come la budesonide. Gli immunosoppressori rappresentano un gruppo di farmaci utilizzato sempre più frequentemente nella IBD, in particolare nella MC o in quei casi che non rispondano alla terapia tradizionale o siano steroido-dipendenti. La azatioprina e la 6-mercaptopurina sono in uso da oltre 40 anni ed hanno una efficacia ormai ben documentata. In particolare essi vengono impiegati nei pazienti con MC scarsamente sensibile alle altre terapie, quando vi siano fistole o vi sia una alta tendenza a recidivare. L'uso di questi farmaci presenta però delle limitazioni, sia perché la loro efficacia richiede tempi lunghi per menifestarsi a pieno, sia perché non sono rari gli effetti collaterali, che vengono osservati nel 5-10% dei casi. Tra questi il più importante è la riduzione della capacità di produrre i globuli bianchi ed i globuli rossi. La riduzione eccessiva dei primi riduce le capacità di difesa dell'organismo e favorisce il rischio di infezioni anche gravi. Per questo motivo i pazienti in trattamento con questi farmaci deve controllare ad intervalli ravvicinati alcuni valori di laboratorio, in particolare l' emocromo, la lipasi e la amilasi. Infatti i principali effetti indesiderati, tranne i fenomeni allergici, sono legati all' accumulo del farmaco nell' organismo e gli effetti sono graduali, e dunque identificabili e prevenibili prima che comportino un rischio rilevante. La ciclosporina è un altro farmaco immunosoppressore, che si caratterizza per la maggiore rapidità di azione (1-2 settimane), attivo nelle forme acute, ma che sembra poco efficiente nel mantenere la remissione. Sembra però un farmaco utile nei casi più gravi per superare la fase acuta dell' attacco e consentire il ricorso alla chirurgia in un momento successivo, quando le condizioni del paziente siano migliorate. L'uso degli antibiotici è di consolidata utilità in paricolare nella MC, in particolare quando siano presenti ascessi o fistole. I farmaci più usati sono il metronidazolo ed i chinolonici, come la ciprofloxacina. Esistono infine nuovi approcci terapeutici, le cosiddette terapie biologiche, attualmente in studio, che hanno l' obiettivo di bloccare la malattia agendo in maniera selettiva sui meccanismi di controllo della infiammazione. Tra queste la più utilizzata al momento sono gli anticorpi anti TNFa che è particolarmente promettente nel trattamento della MC fistolizzante. Altre molecole di notevole interesse sono in corso di valutazione.
Quale è la terapia chirurgica? SU
Il rischio di dover prima o poi affrontare un intervento chirurgico nel corso di una IBD è diverso nella CU e nella MC, così come sono in genere diversi i motivi per i quali è necessario ricorrere alla chirurgia. In linea di massima si ritiene che circa un quarto dei pazienti con CU debba affrontare un intervento chirurgico legato alla sua malattia. Nella MC il rischio è più elevato, raggiungendo i due terzi- tre quarti dei casi. L' intervento può essere considerato curativo nella CU in quanto viene rimosso tutto il tratto di intestino malato. Diverso è il discorso per la MC nella quale l' intervento chirurgico risolve i problemi in atto ma non mette al riparo da recidive. In entrambi i casi la scelta del tipo di intervento è molto delicata e deve essere effettuata insieme dal gastroenterologo e dal chirurgo, che deve necessariamente essere particolarmente esperto di queste malattie.
Quali sono i motivi che conducono alla chirurgia nella colite ulcerosa ?
Un intervento chirurgico si può rendere necessario in condizione di urgenza o emergenza quando si verifichino complicanze gravi della malattia, come la perforazione o il megacolon tossico, oppure quando un attacco grave non risponda adeguatamente ad un trattamento medico intensivo. In altri casi può essere pianificato un intervento (di elezione) quando la malattia sia cronicamente attiva nonostante una terapia medica adeguata o richieda l' uso continuo di cortisone per essere mantenuta in remissione. Un'altra causa di chirurgia è l' aumento di rischio di cancro in una malattia estesa e di lunga durata, segnalato dalla presenza di displasia. Questa consiste in alcune modificazioni della mucosa, identificate su biopsie, che indicano che il rischio di sviluppare un tumore è decisamente più elevato rispetto ai soggetti sani ed ai pazienti con CU che non presentano questa alterazione.
Quali sono i tipi di intervento più frequenti nella colite ulcerosa ?
Poiché la malattia coinvolge potenzialmente tutto il colon l' intervento di scelta, qualunque sia la tecnica utilizzata, deve prevedere la asportazione di tutto il colon ed il retto. Per consentire il mantenimento delle normali funzioni intestinali, quando possibile viene ricostruito un nuovo retto utilizzando un breve tratto dell' intestino tenue (ileo-ano anastomosi con pouch ileale). Nei soggetti più giovani può in alcuni casi essere scelto un intervento che mantenga il retto malato (ileo-retto anastomosi). Questo intevento è meno demolitivo e tecnicamente meno complesso ma, lasciando un tratto di mucosa malata (il retto) comporta la mecessità di continuare la terapia ed i programmi di sorveglianza endoscopici.
Quali sono i motivi che conducono alla chirurgia nella malattia di Crohn ?
Diversi e più complessi sono i motivi che possono portare all' intervento chirurgico nella MC. La malattia infatti può interessare tratti diversi dell' intestino ed assumere forme cliniche diverse (infiammatoria, fistolizzante, stenosante). Gli interventi possono pertanto riguardare l' intestino per risolvere problemi di stenosi, perforazione, megacolon tossico, sanguinamento massivo o la formazione di fistole tra segmenti intestinali o con organi vicini. In altri casi la chirurgia si rende necessaria per risolvere complicanze della malattia come la formazione di ascessi ed in questo caso gli interventi possono essere locali e non comportare necessariamente la resezione di segmenti intestinali.
Quali sono i tipi di intervento più frequenti nella malattia di Crohn ?
Gli interventi che più frequentemente si rendono necessari sono quelli di resezione (cioè di asportazione) di un tratto intestinale malato. Qualora la zona di calibro ristretto sia molto breve possono essere impiegate tecniche operatorie conservative (stretturoplastica) che consiste nella eliminazione del tratto ristretto intervenendo sulla zona malata senza asportarla. In casi selezionati se la zona stenotica sia breve e situata in un tratto di intestino raggiungibile endoscopicamente possono essere effettuate manovre di dilatazione. Assai frequenti sono gli interventi di drenaggio di ascessi e fistole che, in relazione al tipo, alla sede ed alle dimensioni possono be made with different techniques, using time to time to surgery, radiology, operative techniques or ultrasound guidance.
What is the risk of postoperative recurrence after resection and how is it treated? In ulcerative colitis
the intervention of total colectomy eliminates the ill treatment and the risk of recurrence is absent. However, they can cause inflammation of the new forms of "right" (pouch) that require specific medical treatment based on 'use of some antibiotics. In Crohn's disease, however, the risk of recurrence upstream of the intestinal tract removed is high. However, since the risk of recurrence and even more its gravità possono essere ridotti con un trattamento medico, è estremamente importante che la terapia antinfiammatoria con mesalazina venga iniziata immediatamente dopo l' intervento a dosaggio pieno. Controlli clinici ed endoscopici periodici sono poi necessari per adattare la terapia alle necessità individuali. In caso di recidiva documentata il trattamento non si differenzia da quello impiegato nel paziente non operato con malattia attiva.
Le malattie infiammatorie croniche hanno influenza sulla fertilità e la probabilità di concepire figli?
Poiché CU e MC colpiscono individui in una fascia di età fertile, il problema del rapporto tra queste malattie e la gravidanza è molto sentito e rappresenta spesso una fonte di concern. The presence of IBD does not reduce significantly the probability of conception, it is usually normal fertility in both sexes. Only in severe and active Crohn's disease there is a modest reduction in fertility, especially in women, probably due to the impairment of the general and the presence of nutritional deficiencies. For males who take sulfasalazine has documented a reduction in the number of sperm, but this was quickly normalized after the withdrawal.
What are the problems related to pregnancy?
In principle, the likelihood of favorable conduct in the pregnancy and the baby is healthy is practically superimposable to those of the general population, although in the most serious and complicated disease, the same factors that can impair fertility imply a slight increased risk of miscarriage and premature birth. The delivery can be completed in a natural way in almost all cases. It should be rather considered a Caesarean section in the presence of active perianal disease, fistula recto-bladder, and recto-vaginal or perineal in cases where the patient has undergone an abdominal surgery in the months immediately preceding. Notwithstanding the general principle that a pregnancy should always be planned in a period of general welfare and good nutritional status, pregnancy does not affect the course of the disease. This tends to remain in the same state of remission or activity found at the time of conception. For this reason it is good practice to try to reach clinical remission of the disease before taking a pregnancy.
In case of disease activity or flare during pregnancy and treatment should be followed?
Drug therapy with mesalamine and corticosteroids in place before conception must not be suspended during pregnancy and, if necessary, the dosage may be increased. Although in general it tends to minimize the intake of drugs during pregnancy is known that these drugs do not increase risk to the mother or the fetus. On the contrary, the real risk is linked to the severity and disease activity. Mesalazine and corticosteroids can be taken by the mother during breastfeeding, it is nevertheless appropriate monitoring of the child if the steroids are taken in high doses. A different approach must instead be made for immunosuppressants (cyclosporine, azathioprine, 6-mercaptopurine). Although in the 'man of the available data are encouraging (it was not documented an increased risk of disease or malformations in children conceived during immunosuppressive therapy), increased risk has been observed in some animal studies. For this reason great care is appropriate and it is wise to avoid conception during the taking these medicines, and suspended in the event of pregnancy.
What other precautions are useful if you are pregnant?
With regard to imaging techniques in the event of pregnancy should be avoided all the techniques that lead to the exposure to X-rays, and can be performed with confidence surveys ultrasound, endoscopy and biopsy. As these investigations of recent employment, and thus lack adequate information, it seems preferable to avoid time magnetic resonance imaging.
E 'can lead a normal life with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis? ON
The quality of life (QOL) in patients with these diseases is generally comparable to that of the general population, così come non vi è una riduzione della aspettativa di vita legata alle IBD. Per quanto riguarda la qualità della vita non vi sono differenze rilevanti tra i due sessi né sembra importante la durata della malattia. Ha invece importanza, come è logico, la attività della malattia, in particolare quando siano presenti complicanze o vi sia necessità di un intervento chirurgico. La QOL è peggiorata nei portatori di ileostomia, ma la necessità di ricorrrere a questo tipo di intervento è sicuramente meno frequente che in passato. Anche nella MC complicata dalla presenza di fistole è presente una riduzione della QOL che coinvolge principalmente due importanti aspetti, quello emotivo e quello sociale. Durante la fase di remissione o di mild disease activity state of being and the absence of symptoms provide the normal course of work activities and the social and emotional. - <<<<<<<<<<<
widespread problem as often misunderstood by the doctors themselves, Verneuil's disease, also called idrosoadenite suppurativa is an inflammatory disease rather tehde to recur frequently in different locations and with varying frequency, and that may require the patient to undergo a number of intervention surgery over the years and become debilitating. This is why a disease is often a source of serious frustration in patients and doctors who care.

It is a disease that arises from infection of particular glands n skin that are present only some areas of the body, the sacred and the perianal region, the groins, armpits. When these glands become infected, forming abscesses, rather painful, filled with a whitish pus, which are the clinical manifestation of the disease. Bluetongue is a disease of the skin, usually abscesses are superficial and do not go very deep, but they tend to expand in size, involving glands close and being able to create confluent abscesses, large, communicating with each other. When idrosoadenite suppurativa is localized to the sacral region and can be confused with a perianal sinus pilonidalis or perianal fistula with an abscess. In these cases the experience of the doctor is essential to avoid surgery often repeated, demolition and useless. The careful inspection of the armpits and groin looking for any other locations can still be of great help to the doctor and the patient to move towards a correct diagnosis.

therapy and surgery: a targeted antibiotic therapy can help overcome the acute phase, but often require surgical incision to let out the pus. The curative surgery involves removal of the skin area affected, and in its reconstruction by plastic surgery techniques such as flaps or skin grafts. These are interventions that absolutely must be calibrated to the individual patient and that do not respond a regole precise: la sensibilità e l'esperienza del chirurgo sono l'arma principale.



dott. Giuseppe Piasentin

How Long Before Seeing Results From Zumba

probabile fistola da controllare

LA FISTOLA PERIANALE
La fistola perianale è una malattia molto comune e diffusa. Si tratta di una malattia solitamente ad origine infiammatoria, che in gran parte dei casi nasce da una ragade anale non riconosciuta o trascurata, che infettandosi si approfonda nei tessuti, fino a sfociare all'esterno.

In ogni caso la fistola perianale può essere definita come un piccolo tunnel che, partendo dall'ano o dal retto, si diffonde nei tessuti fino ad arrivare alla pelle esterna.

Le fistole non sono tutte uguali, anzi la loro varietà è talmente grandi che fino ad oggi non si è ancora riusciti a catalogarle in maniera univoca. La varietà dipende da due fattori:

1) il fatto che si tratti di un unico tunnel (si parla allora di fistola semplice), o che presenti una o più ramificazioni interne od esterne (si parla di fistola complessa);

2) la posizione della fistola (o dei suoi multipli rami) rispetto agli sfinteri interno ed esterno dell'ano e rispetto ai diversi spazi che circondano l'ano, il retto e gli organi pelvici. In funzione di questo secondo fattore la fistola assume nomi diversi e le possibilità di trattamento variano in maniera molto importante.

La fistola anale solitamente si manifesta all'inizio, anche se non always a painful event as very important, that is an anal abscess. When this heals, because it is affected by surgery or because you open yourself out, usually leaving a small pimple on the outside that can not give any problems, or give only modest and sporadic serous secretions or blood: is the outlet of the external fistula, and is in direct comin with the anus. If tolerated or ignored, the fistula tends to move in time episodes of abscess and still being able to evolve and deepen fistula create new branches in the tissues, making it more difficult and less safe surgical treatment that inevitably, sooner or later will be required.

Some chronic intestinal diseases, come ad esempio il morbo di Crohn, tendono a produrre molte fistole perianali: in questi casi il trattamento non deve essere limitato al solo intervento sulla fistola, ma deve essere combinato, sia sulla fistola che sull'intestino, per ottenere un risultato soddisfacente per il paziente e per il medico.

Le possibilità di cura sono fondamentalmente chirurgiche, ma il trattamento chirurgico può variare molto da caso a caso. In alcuni casi è possibile un trattamento ambulatoriale di minimo fastidio per il paziente, e che si risolve in un'unica seduta di pochi minuti, senza anestesia, in altri casi può esserci la necessità di ripetuti interventi chirugici con medicazioni prolungate per mesi. In ogni caso la cura più idonea deve essere stabilita da un medico proctologo esperto.


la diagnosi di fistola anale
La diagnosi di fistola anale è semplice e si basa sulla visita proctologica accurata, ma richiede esperienza sensibilità e delicatezza per poter evidenziare completamente tutti gli aspetti della patologia. In casi particolari, e in particolare nelle recidive, può essere utile sottoporsi ad esami aggiuntivi particolari come l'ecografia transanale.

La fistola può essere evidenziata da uno o più forellini o specie di "foruncoli" attorno al'ano, che possono secernere siero, pus o sangue, e che talvolta possono infiammarsi dando veri e propri ascessi. Spesso invece rimangono del tutto privi di sintomi per anni, non suscitando so the alarm of the patient. The fistula should be evaluated in order to highlight all possible "tunnel" under the skin, their relationships with the anal sphincters, the presence of "dead-end bags, the seat of the starting point inside the anus . To do this the doctor is forced to use thin probes to track all the "tunnel" from the skin, anus, and sometimes to inject special dyes, however, harmless and painless.
the end of the evaluation, the physician should be grao to have a complete and reliable map of all the "branches" of the fistula, to determine the most correct treatment strategy that is always surgical. E 'key to highlight the possible presence di altre malattie anali concomitanti. Tutto questo ovviamente va inquadrato all'interno di tutta la storia medica del paziente, degli eventuali precedenti medici o chirurgici, malattie o terapie pregresse o in corso.

Nessuna diagnosi completa di fistola perianale può essere data senza una accurata valutazione interna del quadro anale mediante una anoscopia, che permette in pochi secondi, durante la visita stessa, una adeguata visione del canale anale e permette quindi di valutare non solo il punto di origine della fistola all'interno dell'ano, ma tutto lo stato del canale anale.

Tutte queste valutazioni permettono al proctologo di fare non solo una diagnosi di malattia, ma soprattutto una diagnosi di gravità e di indirizzare la that the most appropriate care in the most favorable cases can begin directly during the visit.



Surgical treatment:
Surgical treatment of anal fistula depends fundamentally on the position of the fistula from the sphincter apparatus. In fact, the aim of the intervention is to remove the fistula without damage the sphincters and therefore ensuring the preservation of continence.

In the case of superficial fistulae, which does not involve the sphincters, or involve them only minimally, surgery is more appropriate than the opening of the fistula, without removing it, and his "burning" with electric cautery. This is a simple intervention, fast, with local anesthesia in an outpatient. If

the indication for surgery is correct, the success rate is very high.

In cases where the fistula is placed on both sides of an important portion of the sphincter is indicated "fistulectomia" namely the removal of the fistula following the entire course, but without sectioning the sphincter. It is a delicate operation to be entrusted to experienced hands if you want to have a sufficient guarantee of success.

intervention, of varying duration depending on the course of the fistula, can result in very large perianal wound but is not usually painful. The extent of injuries should not worry because they heal always very fast.

often are used silk thread or rubber, which are left out of the wound (the so-called "seton") that serve to ensure adequate drainage of the wound and, in some cases, a slow section, balanced and "guided" by Surgeon sphincter.

The postoperative management of the home is still modest and does not involve limitations in their professional life and relationships: a few medications and disinfectants daily coverage of the wound with clean gauze. The healing time is still average at least a month.

Most of the probability of success of the project are assigned to the postoperative course to be followed with attendance by the same surgeon who performed the surgery.

conclusion is in a very delicate surgery in both patient selection and execution in the indication of surgery. The results and patient satisfaction, which are still inversely proportional to the severity of the fistula, depend very much on the surgeon's experience.





I hope will be helpful
by Patty





------------------------------ -------------------------------------------------- I also
something about anal fissures:


QUOTE The anal fissure:
E 'ulceration at the distal anal canal, causing pain, bleeding and burning.

The causes that lead to the formation of the fissure may be different.
The presence of fecal material particularly hard, coming out with some difficulty, can cause a tear in the anal canal and form a fissure. Other causes may include diarrhea or inflammatory conditions of the ano-rectal.

Some of these ulcers can heal itself if the cause is treated or at least not reappear quickly. These are called "acute fissures," which may be sufficient for the regularization of bowel healing.

In many cases, however, the fissure evolves to stage a permanent, chronic condition. Infattiil pain of ulcer causes a spasm of the internal sphincter of the anus, which reduces the blood supply to the ulcerated mucosa, preventing healing.

In these cases the framework for healing and resolution of pain is necessary to obtain a reduction of sphincter spasm.

What is the appropriate treatment for anal fissure?
At least 70% of anal fissures heal with the aid of special medicines, or with the use of anal dilators hot, and always with respect to a diet high in fiber (fruits, vegetables, grains, etc.. ), associated with a substantial fluid intake.

In una percentuale limitata di casi la ragade anale non risponde al trattamento "conservativo": In questi casi si rende necessario un trattamento chirurgico che, seppure eseguibile solitamente a livello ambulatoriale, può esporre a rischi e per questo valutato ed eseguito solo da medici esperti.

la diagnosi di ragade anale cronica
La diagnosi di ragade anale è estremamente semplice e si basa sulla semplice visita proctologica accurata.

Il segno clinico è la presenza della ulcerazione, quasi sempre sul quadrante posteriore (cioè verso il sacro), di solito molto dolente al tocco. Di questa devono essere valutati le dimensioni, la sede, la durezza dei bordi. Altri dati da considerare sono il dolore, la tendenza al sanguinamento, la presenza di uno spasmo dello sfintere anale, la eventuale presenza di altre malattie anali concomitanti. Tutto questo ovviamente va inquadrato all'interno di tutta la storia medica del paziente, degli eventuali precedenti medici o chirurgici, malattie o terapie pregresse o in corso.

Nessuna diagnosi accurata di ragade analepuò essere data senza una accurata valutazione interna del quadro anale mediante una anoscopia, che permette in pochi secondi, durante la visita stessa, una adeguata visione del canale anale e permette quindi di valutare non solo la malattia, ma tutto lo stato del canale anale. Spesso il dolore impedisce l'esecuzione dell'anuscopia, anche con strumenti pediatrici, particolarmente sottili. In questi casi should suspend the movement and return it after an initial phase of therapy, when it will be less painful.

These evaluations enable the proctologist to make not only a diagnosis of the disease, but also a diagnosis of serious and direct the most appropriate care that, in the most favorable cases can begin directly during the visit.

how to treat an anal fissure
The anal fissure is supported by a spasm of the anal sphincter, preventing adequate blood flow, prevent spontaneous healing. That is the fundamental objective to be pursued is that of sphincter relaxation, which can be sought in different ways. The selection of the approach va calibrato sulla situazione locale della ragade e sul quadro generale del singolo paziente: per questo il trattamento della ragade anale non può essere standardizzato, ma va personalizzato caso per caso.

Nei casi più semplici può bastare una dieta adeguata, associata eventualmente a lassativi lubrificanti e di massa. Il calore umido fornito da bidè caldi prolungati e ripetuti nella giornata può ottenere un rilassamento sfinteriale sufficiante a garantire la guarigione. Quando la ragade è ormai cronica, è necessaria una azione più incisiva. I dilatatori anali, utilizzati da quasi un secolo, sono una soluzione che garantisce ottime percentuali di guarigione e possono evitare il ricorso all'intervento chirurgico nella quasi all cases. Similar results may be provided by drugs such as nitroglycerin and nitrates.

Surgery traizionale, sphincterotomy, ie the partial section of the sphincter, has cure rates comparable to those obtained by anal dilation, but poses a risk, but this controlled, anal incontinence. Less secure, but also much less risky, is the intervention of anuplastica which consists of a "suture" of the fissure.


Nitroglycerin Nitroglycerin is one of the most recent discoveries in Proctology. Drug used for decades in cardiology in the form of patches, its action involves the smooth muscle relaxation. In the field

Proctology the use of nitroglycerin may be important in all diseases where it is seen a spasm of internal anal sphincter. For this reason the use of nitroglycerin is indicated for the anal fissure, an alternative to surgical treatments such as sphincterotomy.

Treatment with nitroglycerin has a good effect, but has an important side effect that is given by an important impact of headache, also heavy in the early days of treatment. It is therefore appropriate to start with low-dose, slow to get the full doses.


sphincterotomy
It 's a small operation, which is usually performed under local anesthesia and level of all outpatient, and consists of a small portion in the internal anal sphincter, which helps the healing of fissures, through the prevention of anal pain and spasm, because both interfere with the healing.

The section of the internal sphincter should be very careful and limited (only 1 / 3 of its length) because it should not interfere with the ability to continence. In fact, very thorough studies also report high rates of mild or severe incontinence after lateral internal sphincterotomy.

Full recovery usually occurs within a few weeks, but the pain disappears completely after a few days.

sphincterotomy is certainly an intervention Very good, fast and brilliant results on a symptom sometimes exasperating as the pain of anal fissure, but the decision to perform sphincterotomy should always be very careful and weighted according to the real risk of postoperative fecal incontinence, especially in women who have had children, because their sphincter apparat is considerably shorter. In all cases not clear then it is always advisable, before undergoing sphincterotomy, the first opportunity to evaluate alternative treatments and perform a mnaometria anorectal, to ascertain the true efficiency of the sphincters and the "risk margins" of the intervention.

This is a simple but extremely delicate surgery, even for experienced hands, which, however, the intervention should respond.


anuplastiche
The plastics are of the anus of particular interventions designed to restore normality in the form of an anus that has lost as a result of surgery or disease pr. Anuplastiche can be performed simultaneously to very large interventions for hemorrhoids, in order to prevent a possible stenosis.

claims to have several anuplastiche anal stenosis, the anal fissure, the lateral deformation of the anus (Keyhole deformity).

This mainly concerns the transposition of flaps of skin around the anus, which are rotated and positioned so as to change the shape of the anus, widen the opening or, as in the case of the fissure or hemorrhoidectomy, covering an area of \u200b\u200buncovered skin.

In the case of anal fissure in the anuplastica allows a good percentage of patients have been successful without the internal anal sphincter damage: this is a good treatment option for women who have had children, for people with a some degree of incontinence, for those who have already taken other measures to vent.

interventions are not painful, rather than running fast, needing only a careful local care in the first days after surgery, with excellent success rates.

On the other hand are interventions that are often completely unknown to many surgeons generali, e che richiedono una particolare sensibilità e manualità, incline sia alla proctologia che alla chirurgia plastica. Per questo è necessario affidarsi in questi casi solo a mani sicuramente esperte.



se in qs casino di hard disk trovo altro lo posto.....

by Patty











--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
la visita PROCTOLOGICA:


La visita proctologica è uno dei momenti clinici di maggiore delicatezza che si presenta al medico, sia perchè spesso si scontra con pudori importanti e anche inconsci del paziente, sia perchè the proper assessment of the voluntary sphincter function and may be reflected extremely difficult if the patient is fully relaxed and at ease. A visit

proctological so well done, although rather act fast, within minutes, can not and should not be hasty, and should be performed in a quiet, relaxed, where patient privacy is assured and collected.

The visit itself is not painful or prolonged and lasts a few minutes. It should be carried out peacefully, possibly in the shade. The patient is almost universally semiranicchiata lying position on the left side. This position in fact (known as the Sims' position), provides excellent visitability and is perceived as more dignified for the patient. The kneeling position, in vogue until a few decades ago, in a violent clash with the Western perception of self-esteem and dignity and was now universally proscribed.

The visit consists of several stages: careful visual inspection of the skin of the anus, perineum and anus, at rest and push. Some operations such as pinching and rubbing the skin with needles or pennllini possible to assess the integrity of the anal reflex. The digital exploration of the anus with your finger gently introduced to explore the sphincter tone, presence of any irregularity or anal or rectal masses. Maneuvers "push" allow di valutare il corretto funzionamento dei diversi componenti degli sfinteri anali. Inoltre in questa fase vengono valutati anche la prostata nel maschio e l'utero con gli annessi nella donna.

La visita proctologica viene solitamente completata con una anuscopia, che è l'esplorazione dell'ano attraverso un piccolo tubicino in plastica illuminato, che permette di vedere facilmente i primi 6-7 centimetri all'interno dell'ano, permettendo di vedere ragadi, emorroidi interne ed eventuali prolassi.

Durante la visita possono rendersi necessari alcuni momenti aggiuntivi come un'esplorazione vaginale per valutare eventuali prolassi vaginali associati, o esplorazioni di fistole con piccoli strumenti, per identificarne il decorso, o manovre Thrust into a squatting position, to reveal any complete prolapse, or, finally, biopsies or skin swabs collected in the case of dermatitis.

In all cases a tranquil mind helps to overcome the embarrassment piiù easily and make more profitable visit.

Bacterial Infection Throat Irration Tongue

prepararsi per la colonscopia

PREPARATION

a colonoscopy preparation. The bowel must be completely emptied from the fecal material in order to allow good vision and execution of the exam.
then carefully follow the following guidelines.
Two days before the exam: free breakfast. Lunch and dinner: beef broth, white meat or fish, cheese, yoghurt. The day before the exam: Breakfast only tea. Lunch as the previous day. Dinner only broth. 16 hours to dissolve any ISOCOLAN bag (sold in pharmacies as challenging the doctor, pack of 8 bags) in a pint of water, to make a pleasant flavor you can add a tablespoon of anise or mint white, all of which should be drunk in half an hour. The same procedure must be repeated with at least five envelopes. The ideal would be to take all 8 bags. To make less burdensome the preparation you can drink the last liter after dinner or the morning of the examination provided that at least three hours before the exam. On the day of: light breakfast with tea sweetened.

L’ESAME. La colonscopia è un esame usato per la diagnosi delle malattie del colon e del retto. Si esegue introducendo un endoscopio (cioè un lungo e sottile tubo flessibile) attraverso lo sfintere anale. La visione avviene mediante un sistema a fibre ottiche. L’intestino viene dilatato per mettere una corretta visione del lume mediante l’insufflazione di aria che verrà parzialmente aspirata al termine dell’esame. Con questo esame è anche possibile eseguire biopsie o l’asportazione di polipi. Il referto istologico di questi prelievi sarà disponibile dopo circa 8 giorni lavorativi, sempre presso la segreteria dell’ambulatorio.

COSA ACCADRA’. Verrà fatto sdraiare su di un lettino sul fianco left. If the physician deems it appropriate will be injected with a sedative intravenously. Endoscope is introduced through the anus. The progression of the instrument should cause a slight discomfort for the distension of the abdomen due to the air breathed. The duration of the examination may range from 10 to 30 minutes.

COMPLICATIONS. For completeness we report that the examination is not burdened with frequent complications. The only two rare complications, with less than 1%, may occur primarily after the polypectomy and are represented by intestinal perforation or bleeding. In the case of drilling will be required after hospitalization. Lievi sanguinamenti rettali potranno essere anche normali e necessiteranno semplicemente di un periodo di osservazione; sanguinamenti più importanti richiederanno invece il ricovero ospedaliero.

DOPO L’ESAME. A causa del modesto stato di rallentamento dei riflessi che potrà seguire l’esame, non sarà consigliabile guidare veicoli per 1 o 2 ore. Indispensabile perciò venire all’esame accompagnato da qualcuno in grado di riaccompagnarla a casa. Il referto le verrà consegnato pochi minuti dopo l’esame, l’esito delle biopsie dopo 8 giorni lavorativi.

NOTA BENE: SI PREGA DI RISPONDERE ALLE SEGUENTI DOMANDE (farsi eventualmente aiutare dal medico curante).
Allergie a medicine? .................................................. .......................
taking anticoagulants? .................................................. ...................
He suffered abdominal surgery? If yes, which? .................................................. ...................
... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...................................... .................................................. ............................

Where To Buy Mens Satin Briefs

aloi noni

Since the beginning of time in the kingdom of Tinga, Mother Nature has patiently created his greatest miracle: Noni. Listed as Morinda Citrifolia, Noni is the sacred plant of Polynesian shamans, that becomes the high nutritional value and therapeutic functions identified by the Polynesians over 2000 years of use.
There are creations of nature that look like a real concentration of quality. Aloe Vera is the case, as Noni. And the parallel is not accidental: the high content of valuable nutrients, using a different spectrum, mode of application, even the unpleasant taste of the juice recall the much-vaunted goal of Aloe. A comparison certainly gratifying to Noni but which conceals a danger that the admirers of the plant would avoid: the commodification of Noni, thus making the market even with the shoddy products that end up detracting what in reality is a precious gift of nature. In short, do the marketing of yogurt or detergents - for example - that have only the name of the Noni is hoped that those who know the potential of the plant. The nutritional value of the Noni, and indeed of any food, is closely linked to food production and processing, as respectful as possible of the plant and active principles that make it up, sometimes very unstable, as is the case of enzymes and some vitamins are sensitive to light and temperature changes.
If Aloe is a concentrate of vitamins especially - contains all the thirteen - and enzymes, fifteen, as well as Minerals and trace elements: Noni is made exceptional by the presence of the full spectrum of amino acids, which makes it an excellent source of protein, in addition to vitamins (C, thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, beta-carotene) and minerals (potassium , sodium, magnesium, iron, calcium, phosphorus, selenium), and the aforementioned xeronine, alkaloid with a distinctive antioxidant properties.
Noni is therefore not a medicine but a food consumable by us rather like a tonic or food supplement, not allowing our climate to enjoy the fruits from the garden ... As we have seen is marketed in different forms is important ensure the quality the product purchased. Quality means higher cost of course, but also the presence of all the principles that make Noni a panacea. For example, essential to keep the cold pressing of the juice. Beware also of the simple inscription "100% natural," that alone is not sufficient to guarantee the authenticity of the product as the Swiss law allows this statement to products containing a minimum of 12% of the fruit also in the form of concentrate.
Welcome to Natural Organic Noni. This site aims to let us know and better understand the characteristics and benefits of this extraordinary fruit. Our aim is to propose a manufactured product in order to keep intact the characteristics Noni. Add to this a sale price of the products extremely interesting.
Since the beginning of time in the kingdom of Tinga, Mother Nature has patiently created his greatest miracle: Noni. Listed as Morinda Citrifolia, Noni is the sacred plant of the Polynesian shamans, that becomes the high nutritional value and therapeutic functions identified by the Polynesians over 2000 years of use.
There are creations of nature that look like a real concentration of quality. Aloe Vera is the case, as Noni. And the parallel is not accidental: the high content of valuable nutrients, using a different spectrum, mode of application, even the taste unpleasant juice recall the much-vaunted goal of Aloe. A comparison certainly gratifying to Noni but which conceals a danger that the admirers of the plant would avoid: the commodification of Noni, thus making the market even with the shoddy products that end up detracting from what really is a precious gift of nature. In short, do the marketing of yogurt or detergents - for example - that have only the name of the Noni is hoped that those who know the potential of the plant. The nutritional value of the Noni, and indeed of any food, is closely linked to food production and processing, as respectful as possible of the plant and active ingredients that compose it, sometimes very unstable, as is the case of enzymes and some vitamins are sensitive to light and temperature changes.
If Aloe is a concentrate of vitamins especially - contains all the thirteen - and enzymes, fifteen, as well as mineral salts and trace elements: Noni is made exceptional by the presence of the full spectrum of amino acids, which makes it an excellent source of protein, in addition to vitamins (C, thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, beta-carotene) and minerals (potassium, sodium, magnesium, iron, calcium, phosphorus, selenium), and the aforementioned xeronine, alkaloid with a distinctive antioxidant properties.
Noni is therefore not a medicine, but rather a food consumable by us like a tonic or food supplement, not allowing our climate to enjoy the fruits from the garden ... As we have seen is marketed in different forms: it is important to ensure the quality of the product. Quality means higher cost of course, but also the presence of all the principles that make Noni a panacea. For example, essential to keep the cold pressing of the juice. Beware also of the simple inscription "100% natural," that alone is not sufficient to guarantee the authenticity of the product as the Swiss law allows this statement to products containing a minimum of 12% of the fruit also in the form of concentrate.

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------------------------------ --------------------------------------------------

aspes01-02-2007, 01:36:29
TAHITIAN NONI INTERNATIONAL: original, beware of imitations. With the fruit of Noni (Morinda Citrifolia), today science are re-evaluating the real value of what the peoples of Polynesia have been handed down for centuries from father to son only to get us to the threshold of the third millennium! The 'elixir is the legendary product that will make you forget the weight of the years, inexorably, load on our bodies and our psyche. Coincidentally, at the 'beginning of the 90s, an American scientist has rediscovered what the people of Polynesia, for centuries, handed down from father to son: A remedy against pain, against tiredness, a powerful healing agent that can cure disease, fight infection and maintain high energy level and vitality of those who used it. Noni you are talking all over the world and recently more than 40 universities around the world are doing studies on this inarrivabiler tropical fruit, according to the scientists is an antioxidant 140 times more powerful than any other fruit in nature. Scientific studies show
:
1. Works perfectly when taken with food supplements and prescription drugs.
2. It stimulates the body to generate T cells. " The "T cells" have a certain role in combating disease.
3. It helps the body produce macrophages, a vital component in the immune system.
4. It helps to fight bacteria.
5. He has a tremendous impact in 'relieving chronic pain.
6. Inhibits the growth of precancerous cell function and helps healthy cells to work normally. Benefits: Contains a wide variety of vitamins, minerals, amino acids, micro-nutrients that provide energy to the body so fast, direct and antioxidants that counteract the effects of free radicals. It also helps to improve the health and welfare. Side by side has a special effect on the nervous system.
Depending on the above, those who drink noni juice regularly declares that it improves your performance at work and the heightens mental abilities. The 20 benefits of the Noni juice:
1. Relieves arthritic pain
2. It increases the body's energy and reduces chronic fatigue
3. It acts as anti-inflammatory and antihistamine
4. It helps the healing process of bones and muscles
5 helps to detoxify the body of toxins
6. Decreases the symptoms of atherosclerosis
7. It helps the body eliminate fat
8. Decreases the drug addiction
9. In patients with AIDS increases the response of the immune system 10. It helps to diminish the effects of the states depression and stress
11. Inhibits the growth of tissues pre-cancerosi/cancerosi
12. Decreases the ulcer (esophagus, stomach and duodenal)
13. It helps the immune system to fight bacteria
14. It helps prevent heart attacks
15. Reduces chronic pain (it is a great natural pain reliever!)
16. Helps regulate digestive disorders
17. It helps regulate blood pressure
18. Reduces the impact of the symptoms of aging (the largest natural antioxidant that exists on earth)
19. It helps the body to heal the sick cells, helps to detoxify and also helps to regulate their functions
20. Work together to melatonin and serotonin in the regulation of sleep cycles and mood.
The benefits of the components of juice TAHITIAN NONI Juice Cranberry juice and grape juice are widely used by the food and pharmaceutical industries because they have a high content of nutrients, amino acids, micronutrients, basic and essential amino acids. Components of Noni Juice Vitamin A, Iron Calcium, Vitamin E, Vitamin B1, Vitamin B2, Vitamin B12, Vitamin B15, Vitamin B25, Niacin, Folic Acid, Biotin, Pantothenic Acid, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Zinc, Copper Chromium in smaller quantities , Manganese, Molybdenum, Sodium, potassium, fructose, glucose, Fibre. Noni contains no saturated fat, cholesterol and even carbohydrates added. The properties of the Noni its magnificent properties are due to one of its main components: Proxeronase and proxeronine. In the body, becomes the Proxeronase xeronine, an alkaloid that is responsible for most of the healing properties. Xeronine produces positive effects on a cellular level enabling better nourishment of the cell so the whole body experiences a general welfare. ! The noni juice Tahitian Noni International is the only noni juice being subjected to, anonymously, to the analysis of control of the prestigious "ConsumerLab.com 'for research of 170 performance-enhancing drugs banned by the IOC (International Olympic Committee. The finished product is analyzed by laboratories independent check for 400 different parameters. The Jewish religion recognizes its very high purity by assigning, for some batches personally examined by a rabbi so charged, the certificate? Koscher Quality? . When you are dealing with something as important is health, it is our duty to do their best ...

Info: www.noni tni.net-TEL. : 3396657575 Skype: aspes100 noniitalia@libero.it

-------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------

ilnoni01-02-2007, 21:16:58
completely agree with what you wrote about the benefits of Noni. What I'd like the consumer is the sale price sappesse unpopular with which sales systems like you belong in the launch market.
The web portal can be found http://www.ilnoni.com noni-based products at a price much cheaper, in fact I think my selling price to the public is more or less the price of your purchase at the multilevel. This leads me to believe that the products sold by you are better than those I proposed. Not at all, the quality of products offered by me are without doubt the best, because it does not chemically modified to obtain a better taste and above all preserved in a natural way and declared with an addition of 18% water.
Maybe you feel like a small thing, are but also convinced that people know today to make wise choices and mature. _________________-

Aloe vera in veterinary medicine [Retour]

The rapid environmental degradation causes many farmers to contemplate the abandonment of intensive battery, horribly polluted and in need of shock therapy, to methods for retum 'traditional breeding. Privileging the quality of the products on their performance, breeding ecobiological sometimes makes the conversion complex, but the results are good. In the United States and Canada, al-Cuni farmers experiment with organic farming techniques through the use of aloe vera to combat certain animal diseases. Already now the results seem surprising and sometimes go beyond the initial expectations (read by the same author: Aloès, hygiène et santé des animaux).

The use of aloe in the treatment of animal diseases is well known since antiquity. Its antibacterial activity was apparent after the '40s, following the convincing results of some tests on animals, where it also demonstrated the lack of toxicity of the plant.

All studies of veterinary medicine show that the effectiveness of aloe-based therapies, often accused of having a mere medicine in psychosomatic effect, is given by its notevili healing and not a simple effect placebo, che gli animali non conoscono.

Da lungo tempo i ricercatori hanno constatato che numerosi rimedi che guariscono l'uomo agiscono anche sugli animali e viceversa. Nella terapia degli animali, l'aloe ha le stesse proprietà curative cha ha sull'uomo. E` battericida, antivirale, fungicida, antiinfiammatorio ed ha un notevole potere di penetrazione e di nutrimento della pelle. Grazie agli enzimi e agli amminoacidi che fanno parte della sua composizione, favorisce la rigenerazione dei tessuti malati o feriti.

Dal 1970, l'impiego dell'Aloe vera stabilizzata da parte dei veterinari americani ha avuto una crescita considerevole.

«Nel 1975, il dott. Robert Northway di Van Nuys (California) pubblicò a report on treatment with the stabilized Aloe vera on 42 dogs, 25 cats and four horses, for ailments such as ringworm, Otot, atopy and fungal infections. Day 71 out of 67 cases treated, the outcome was as good as or superior to those obtained with traditional therapies. The results were also excellent in the treatment administered to racehorses for problems such as tendinitis and inflammation in the joints. "


Animals farmed for some years, the use of Aloe vera in the treatment of diseases of dairy cows, such as mastitis (or mastadenite), has become a common practice. This inflammation of the udder, caused by trauma inflicted by suckling or milking machines poorly regulated, a decrease in milk production. Quest'affezione due to pathogens such as bacteria, livieti, escape and / or fungus, until yesterday forced the farmers to resort to antibiotics. Now, since 1979, the French dairy may reject milk that contains traces of antibiotics, forcing the farmer to comply with a time of suspension in the delivery very unfavorable. The treatment of mastitis with Aloe vera for internal and external features, in fact, the results are worthy of note.

Farmers in California are increasingly using Aloe vera to treat young calves. Since many calves die is separated from its mother a few days after birth, remains fragile and gets sick easily. By adding a few grams of stabilized Aloe vera in their bottles, farmers have improved the health of their livestock and reduced losses.

There was another extraordinary phenomenon by adding the juice of aloe water drinkers, the amount of milk produced by cows increased significantly. And, when you make available to the cows two troughs, one with water mixed with aloe and one without, the cows are almost always drink that contains aloe.

M. Harriman, a factor in Dakota, he studied for one year the production from his herd of 50 dairy cows. It has thus been found in animals that had at their disposal water arrichita di Aloe vera un aumento medio annuale di 2000 litri al mese (40 litri per mucca).

Nel suo libro, il dott. Richard Holland racconta ancora com'è giunto alla convinzione che l'Aloe vera sia un prodotto indispensabile in medicina veterinaria:

«Dopo aver studiato i numerosi rapporti sui successi ottenuti nel trattamento di svariate affezioni umane con l'Aloe vera, ho deciso di provarla sugli animali . Nel corso delle mie prime richerche, tuttavia, ho commesso il classico errore dei neofiti: anziché chiedere consiglio an un conoscitore del prodotto, io l'ho ordinato per posta, pensando ingenuamente, come tanti, che essendo l'aloe vera una pianta naturale, non dovessi preoccuparmi della qualità del succo e che un prodotto valesse l'altro. Dopo aver testato il prodotto in diversi casi, senza gran successo, ho incontrato una donna che vendeva prodotti a base d'Aloe vera che erano testati per le loro qualità di sterilità, di stabilità e di non-tossicità.

Dopo una sola settimana d'impiego in trattamenti diversi, che andavano dalle allergie della pelle agili eczemi, passando per le micosi, avevo già ottenuto risultati molto buoni. La cicatrizzazione e la riduzione delle infiammazioni e delle infezioni erano più rapide che con i medicinali che avevo l'abitudine di utilizzare sino allora. Un mese dopo, dovetti confrontarmi con un grave caso d'influenza suina accompagnato da febre alta. Curai la scrofa molto mal ridotta con classical antibiotics, but without much success. His health continued to deteriorate. I decided to apply a treatment with Aloe vera, injected intra-nasal, in order to block the infection and help breathing, and a 'intramuscular injection to reduce fever and infection. Twice repeated doses at intervals of several hours. 24 hours later, the fever had diminished and the sow had regained his appetite. A few days later, fully recovered, she gave birth to a beautiful litter of pigs in good health.

studying the effectiveness of Aloe vera, I soon realized that both the external and internal applications, offered no counter-indication. Vaterinaria in medicine, drug toxicity, die and their side effects are very important, because we treat animals of various species, whose sensitivity to drugs is just as varied. Thus, a drug such as boric acid can be used without any risk to care for horses, but today it is toxic to cats. "


cat's eyes The cat's visual system is very sophisticated, but like all living things even the cat is prone to disease. The best known of these `cataracts: an opaque membrane begins to cover the cornea and coll'aggravarsi, the cat can become blind.

One day a lady brought us a cat that had more than 50% of view and his condition continued a peggiorare. La signora ci riferì che il gatto soffriva di questa malattia da quattro anni e che lei l'aveva fatto curare da più veterinari che gli avevano prestato le cure tradizionali: antibiotici, cortisone, etc., ma la malattia continuava ad aggravarsi. Prendemmo una bottiglia di Aloe stabilizzato e ne mettemmo qualche goccia in ciascun occhio. Abbiamo dato il flacone alla cliente con la prescrizione d'instillare tre gocce del prodotto in ciascun occhio tre volte al giorno. Due settimane dopo, la signora venne a farci visitare il suo gatto e noi osservammo che le comee erano tomate quasi limpide, cosa del tutto sorprendente considerato il suo precedente stato. Dopo oltre due settimane, la cliente ci ha telefonato per informarci che entrambi gli occhi erano Tomati clear and pure, free from their white veil.

The veterinary care of horses
English Edward Johnson, a specialist in equine diseases, has long practiced in the United States, where he discovered some effective therapies based stabilized aloe vera. He now works at the Thoroughbred breeding and here's the statement we issued:

'Castration of a stallion is a delicate operation. It happens frequently that the breeders of horses bring me suffering. In the U.S., the famous veterinarian with whom I worked and from whom I learned a lot, it was an unconditional supporter of Aloe vera. In such cases, he began with cleaning the wound with aloe, then was delle applicazioni locali di gel puro, due volte al giorno, oltre a mescolare un bicchiere di succo d'aloe all'acqua dell'abbeveratoio. In quarantott'ore si aveva un nettissimo miglioramento e dopo una settimana di terapie, la piaga era generalmente guarita.»

Ferite e strappi
Ed Johnson consiglia caldamente l'Aloe vera nei seguenti casi: Strappi muscolari e ferite da contatto con chiodi arrugginiti o filo spinato. In questi casi, lui prima pulisce le ferite con dell''acido borico o del perossido (acqua ossigenata), poi, con una siringa, injetta del gel d'aloe vera nelle cavità. Per curare le ferite profonde, introduce una garza impregnata d'aloe nella piaga, poi, ogni giorno, cambia la garza imbibita d'Aloe vera, riducendo progressivamente la lunghezza del tampone dei qualche centimetro fino alla completa guarigione. Al suo avviso, l'Aloe vera combatte l'infezione ed aiuta la formazione del tessuto sano.

Il dott. Allan Fredrickson, veterinario nello stato di Washington, specialista di cavalli, afferma che l'Aloe vera stabilizzata è indicata nel trattamente delle seguenti affezioni:
• Infiammazioni oculari: qualche goccia di Aloe

• Infiammazioni del colon: cura di succo puro d'Aloe vera

• Ferite ai pastorali

• Sarcoide o tumore della pelle

• Distorsioni, strappi muscolari, infiammazioni artricolari.

To treat these diseases, common in racehorses, Dr. Fredrickson recommends massaging the affected area every day lotion with aloe vera, then cover it with cotton wool impregnated with aloe vera. In severe cases, he can add a bit 'of aloe vera juice to the meal of the animal, which contributes to its healing.

Dr. Fredrickson believes that the stabilized aloe vera is excellent for curing bad lacerations and wounds, as it has the following six properties:

1) acts as a coagulant to stop bleeding,
2) calm the pain,
3) reduces 'inflammation,
4) is bacteriostatic,
5) removes necrotic tissue
and 6) is an excellent healing.

In Europe, the use of aloe in hygiene and care of animals is still not widespread. Here and there, however, doctors and students have experienced these products and, in the face of success, have adopted them.

above effects are obtained only with Aloe vera juice, pure and unaffected, based on fresh leaves and mature Aloe barbadensis, cold stabilized.

The use of Aloe vera for the most common animal diseases
The use of Aloe in the treatment of animal diseases is well known since antiquity. In the treatment of animals, Aloe has the same healing properties cha man. Studies of Veterinary Medicine show that the effectiveness of therapies based Aloe, often accused of having a mere medicine psychosomatic effect is given by its remarkable healing and not just a placebo effect, that the animals do not know.
Abrasions, strangles, Arrembatura, swollen joints, arthritis, abscesses, catarrh, conjunctivitis, Bruises, convalescence, diarrhea, rash, sore throat, fever, sores, swelling, granulation suberante infections, throat infections limestone, uterine infection, inflammation, suspensory ligament, injury to the crown, sore throat, biting, nasal mucus, thrush, mouth sores, leg sores, eye problems, bites, Problemi cutanei (eczema, tricofitosi, ecc.), Problemi respiratori, Prurito, Punture, Sangue nelle orine, Scottature solari, Slogature e stiramenti, Tagli, Tosse, Ustioni, Verruche, Virus, etc.



Il cane ha subito un trauma cranico e una ferita lacero contusa con perdita di cute a tutto spessore (epidermide e derma) per una superficie di 15x7 cm che è stata trattata con terapia sistemica e con medicazioni locali sostituite ogni 3 giorni, fatte con gel di Aloe vera VERDALOE.

Nell'arco di 15 giorni la ferita si è completamente cicatrizzata e dopo circa un mese, all'ultimo controllo, è addiritura tornato a crescere il pelo. Del brutto incidente è rimasta solo una cicatrice sottile and practically invisible.
May 2005, Dr. John Seneca, Como
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Historic Route
Aloe Aloe Aloe
, among the many plants of this planet, certainly has a fascinating ancient history, witnessed by many ancient texts that document the use and characteristics terapeutiche.Definita plant of immortality by ancient Egyptians, it was planted at the entrance of the pyramids of the pharaohs and show the way to the land of the dead was used as an ingredient in the preparation of substances for embalming (one case for all, the Pharaoh Ramses II), both in Egypt and in ancient Mesopotamia, but it was grown mainly for therapeutic use. Also the ancient Egyptians, inventors of the enema, used it as a purgative enema, in combination with other herbs. Even the Bible refers several times to this plant, for example in the Gospel of John, chapter 19 verse 39 we read that Nicodemus made a mixture of myrrh and aloes to prepare Jesus' body for burial, and the Psalms (45:8 ), the garments of the King are perfumed with myrrh and aloe. We know also that the ancient Assyrians ingested the juice or Sibaru Siburu (Aloe) to solve the problems due to ingestion and formation of intestinal gas. It was not difficult for Assyriology, in fact, identify the Aloe, the deciphering of cuneiform texts on clay tablets found in excavations in what was to be the library of King Ashurbanipal (Assyrian Dictionary of Botanical Thompson), where it said: "The leaves resemble blades of knives."
In the Mayan culture, the Hunpeckin-ci (Aloe) was considered a great remedy for headaches, the juice was prepared as an infusion, and was drunk diluted with water, while the Maya women rubbed the gel (with a strong bitter taste ) on the breasts to force weaning their children. In the 1st century BC, and Dioscorides, greek doctor in the service of the Roman Empire, Pliny the Elder, author of the famous treatise "Naturalis Historia", describing the therapeutic uses of Aloe juice to treat sores, upset stomach, constipation , insect bites, sore headaches, hair loss, skin irritation, oral health problems and other discomforts.
Much later, even Christopher Columbus during the voyage to the New World, noted in his diary: "Todo està bien, hay Aloe on board."
course, different civilizations and different peoples attributed to this plant also magical and esoteric: for example, according to an Akkadian cuneiform text of more than 4000 years ago, Aloe, placed in front of many houses, particularly new construction ensure long life and prosperity for its residents, even today, Egypt is considered protective and brings happiness when placed in the homes.
Even today, one can find within dei negozi: qualcuno crede, infatti, che essa protegga il nucleo familiare assorbendo le energie negative portate da alcuni visitatori; un fiocco rosso attorno alla pianta, poi, serve ad invocare l'amore, mentre uno verde ad invocare la fortuna; in alcuni rituali, inoltre, è ancora utilizzata per il suo "potere energetico".Ricercatori moderni
Questo breve tracciato storico, che contempla anche aspetti legati alla superstizione, dimostra come l'Aloe, da oltre quattromila anni, faccia parte della medicina popolare nella storia dell'umanità.
Ai nostri giorni, dopo essere stata relegata ad un posto di second'ordine, com'è avvenuto per la maggior parte delle piante medicinali a causa di un uso generalizzato dei farmaci modern, Aloe has returned to be talked about, especially since 1851, when two researchers, Smith and Stenhouse isolated an active substance with laxative properties which they called Aloin.
In 1935, Creston Collins and his son revealed in a report which became known, the possible use of Aloe to cover the devastating effects of radiation, so from that time, many scientists took into account a more detailed study of this plant . We arrive in the late '50s, when the Texas pharmacist Bill Coats was able to stabilize the flesh with a natural process: it is opened, thus, the doors to the marketing of products for industrial use Aloe-based.
Previously the limits were raised by the problem of oxidation of the juice that will not survive very long, decline rapidly once cold extracted from the plant. Some researchers tried to solve the problem with the exposure of the gel to ultraviolet light, but this will alter its chemical composition, we also attempted with the pasteurization of gel at temperatures above 60 degrees after adding hydrogen peroxide, but also This attempt failed.
Bill Coats was the first to create a way as to preserve the vitamins and enzymes in aloe, this procedure consisted of incubation of the gel with the addition of vitamin C (ascorbic acid), vitamin E (tocopherol) and sorbitol. Dr. GW Reynolds ranked in 1950, at least 350 species of Aloe, today, over 600 varieties of plants of the genus Aloe, which belonged to the family of Liliaceae, were newly classified as Aloaceae. Ben
125 species have been recorded only in South Africa (including the Swaiziland and Lesotho), while the others are distributed in more areas of Africa, Israel, India, Pakistan, Nepal, China, Thailand, Cambodia, the Caribbean, Spain, Cuba, Central and South America, North America (Texas and Florida) and Mexico. Aloe
The strain of origin, therefore, is to be found in (Reynolds, 1966). Its habitat is typical of arid and desert and can reach heights ranging from a few inches to twenty feet, depending on the species. It should be clear that in botany, in general, is used to call a plant under the name assigned by the last student, for example, Aloe Barbadensis or Barbados, Miller, Aloe vera is the actual name of Linnaeus and Aloe Vularis Lamarck. The term
Aloe ("At eh" in Arabic, "Halal" in Hebrew, "Alo hei" in China, Aloe in Western countries) is derived from the Greek root "ALS" or "Alos" which means bitter substance, such as salt 'sea water. Its flowers range from white-green, for example, aloe Integra in Swaziland which blooms from October to December; dal rosa-aranciato dell'Aloe Zebrina (distribuita in Botswana, Namibia, Angola e Zimbabwe), con fioritura da gennaio a marzo e da novembre a dicembre, secondo il clima, al rosa più intenso, con tendenza al rosso, dell'Aloe Peglerae presente in Magaliesberg, Witwatersberg (Petroria), con fioritura da luglio ad agosto. Le tre specie più conosciute
Vediamo ora, in dettaglio, confrontandole fra loro, le tre specie più conosciute: l'Aloe Vera Barbadensis, l'Aloe Arborescens Miller e l'Aloe Ferox. Va, innanzitutto, detto che l'Aloe Vera, così battezzata e descritta da Linneo, l'Aloe Barbadensis di Miller, e l'Aloe Vulgaris di Lamarck sono la stessa pianta. L'Aloe Barbadensis deve il suo nome alle Isole Barbados, ma è anche presente nel resto delle Antille, nei Caraibi e soprattutto sulla costa nord orientale dell'Africa da cui probabilmente si diffuse. Il problema del nome, è complicato dal fatto che Miller aveva a sua volta denominato e battezzato Aloe Vera un'altra varietà di Aloe, creando una certa confusione nell'ambiente botanico. Così, oggi, abbiamo sia l'Aloe Barbadensis, chiamata spesso Aloe Vera, sia un altro tipo di Aloe denominata Aloe Vera qualità Vera, per differenziarla dalla prima.
Confrontandole, però, è abbastanza facile distinguere la Barbadensis dall'Aloe Vera qualità Vera, pur senza essere dei botanici di professione: la prima ha le foglie raccolte intorno ad un rosone centrale, mentre l'altra has the layered. Aloe Barbadensis can reach a maximum height of 60-90 cm, and lives, generally five years. Its thorny leaves can reach a length of 40-50 cm, with a base width that varies from 6 to 10 cm. These leaves, spotted in a growth phase, taking a green uniform to adulthood, coated with a protective film which allows the plant to filter the air and water. Under this membrane are a first cellulosic layer that contains crystals of calcium oxalate and the cells pericyclic dell'Aloina, pinkish-yellow exudate with laxative properties. Enclosed in this triple plant protection, we find the parenchyma, a tissue colorless gel made from plant so much sought after. The quality of the latter depends on the type of climate and irrigation. Aloe Arborescens, often confused with Aloe Mutabilis, has the following characteristics: its trunk may exceed two meters tall and the leaves are gray in color - green to light green and may reach a length of 50, 60 cm. His country of origin is South Africa. Also known as Cape Aloe (Cape Aloe), grows wild in the Cape, in KwaZulu-Natal, Mpumalanga and Northern Province, in Mozabico, Zimbabwe and Malawi. Now popular in various parts of the globe, this species blooms from May to July, and its flowers can be yellow, pink or orange. Because they contain little water, the leaves have a larger amount of active ingredients. Aloe Ferox, finally, is very strong and its height varies from two to five meters in older plants. Its leaves, very meaty, have a tendency to color from green to gray - green, with spines darker than the leaf. Presents inflorescence with 5-12 flowers - pink coral arranged vertically on one stem; usually confused with other species (A. Marloth, A. Spectabilis), blooms from May to August (in the northernmost areas, however, from September in November). It is also native of southern Africa, in particular, is widespread in arid areas of the Cape province (east and west), in southern KwaZulu-Natal and in parts of south-west of Lesotho.